The Introduction to Psychology project is a major undertaking that brings together basic knowledge from many different areas of psychology. The second volume covers topics studied by the field of evolutionary psychology, and in particular the functions related to the biosomatic and psychosocial development of man throughout his life (infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, maturity and old age). The volume examines the most basic issues of the lifelong development of the individual, specifically his cognitive, linguistic and psychosocial development. This work opens new horizons in the science of psychology. The presentation of theories, the presentation of research data, the critical examination of views, and vivid examples show that psychology is an evolving science, which extends to a multitude of phenomena, encompasses multiple and multidimensional approaches to study, and pursues it with dialectical and critical way of developing knowledge. These elements make the work particularly interesting even for non-specialist readers who want to get to know the science of psychology. Specialist readers, on the other hand, will come into contact with the history and development of theories in psychology, and will acquire a solid background on which to build their further knowledge of the subject.